Analogy method is a way of reasoning, which provides, by contrasting specific elements within an interchange, a new outlook on the indivi-dual members of the comparison. The method is positioned in the Fourth Quadrant of the quadralectic way of thinking.
Apex thinking refers to subjective experiences born in an environment of oppositional (or lower) division thinking.
Approach Point (AP) marks the position on the CF-graph where the CF-values drop for the first time below the value of CF = 11. This point lies at the end of the second subdivision of the Second Quadrant. The AP is fixed at 3/8th part of the quadralectic cycle V and at 1/10th part of the visible visibility area (X).
A priori is reasoning from general propositions to particular conclusions.
A priori principle indicates the structure of a division, which is given at a certain point in an interchange of information and can subsequently be reconstructed throughout that communication.
Attitude model is the cognitive framework, put together in the Second Quadrant, to understand the visible visibility of the Third Quadrant.
Basic unit (BU) is a subdivision of the communication cycle (V) with a length of 1/16th V.
Basic unit (BU) is the length of the communication graph between two inflection points.
Belief is the visualization of the invisible in the First Quadrant.
Binary or two-valued. A binary relation states how two kinds of elements are linked, excluding all division (thinking) higher than two.
CF-value is the value of the communication factor (CF) at a certain position in the communication.
CF-sequence consists of sixteen CF-values, which cover the full length of the communication trajectory (CT).
Closed Period (CP) is the historic visibility period of a Part, with a visible visibility area (X) situated in the past.
Commensurability is a common measure between like quantities. It is seen as a rational number expressing the ratio between quantities. Incommensurability is expressed by an irrational number.
Communication (1) is a continuous process of exchange of information between autonomous parts.
Communication (2) is the interaction between comparable subdivisions, which are distinguished within a unity.
Communication (3) is the dynamic relation between units, which are visible in the universe by division.
Communication coefficient (CC) is a measure for the shift, which occurs at a given segment of the communication trajectory. The CC-value can be calculated by taking the sum-total of the shift values within a given grouping combination of ranking orders.
Communication factor (CF) is the sum of the communication coefficients (CC’s) measured over the communication trajectory.
Communication factor (CF) is a number, which indicates, in a cyclic setting, the distance between the communication partners. Low values mark an approach (intensio) towards each other, while high values signify an alienation (remissio).
Communication Trajectory (CT) is that part of the communication cycle where the shift values between two revolving four-divisions is measured. The width of the trajectory is limited by the smallest part (SP or Minor) which participates in the communication.
Compartment is the spatial realm of a divided unity.
Convergence is the diminishing of CF-values over a trajectory, indicating an approach of the communication partners.
Cosmology is a study of the origin and nature of the world.
Deductive method of reasoning implies the gathering of data in a multiplicity and moulds them together into a unity. The method is, in a quadralectic interpretation, positioned in the Third Quadrant.
Dialectics (1) is a form of communication based on the two-division.
Dialectics (2) is a form of practical logic were the interchange of information takes place between two components.
Dialectics (3) is a philosophical way of reasoning in which the dynamic use of a proposition (thesis), a contrast (antithese) and an integration (synthesis) lead to a new understanding.
Disclosure model is the cognitive framework, put together in the Second Quadrant, to understand the invisible invisibility of the First Quadrant.
Displacement series consists of four communication coefficients (CC) derived from a complete internal shift within a grouping of ranking orders.
Divergence is the increase of CF-values over a trajectory, indicating a retreat of the communication partners.
Division is the act of creating parts or compartments in a unity. The division is always an arbitrary action undertaken by an observer.
Elevatio is the second stage in the handling of a relic, meaning the exhumation of the body or remains and the storage in a shrine. In a wider (quadralectic) sense, it can be compared with the cognitive action in the (second part of the) Second Quadrant (II, 2), which result in the first ‘visible’ visibility (in the third part of this quadrant (II, 3).
Emotionality is the capacity to have an insight in the visible invisibility of the Fourth Quadrant, governed by the laws of higher division thinking.
Entelechy is the inner nature of a thing, which determines its development.
Entelechia (or causes) are the four types of actions, as defined by Aristotle, to complete a communication. The intentions of the final, formal, material and efficient cause correspond with the types of visibility in the successive quadralectic quadrants.
Ethics is – in an oppositional context – the study of right and wrong in conduct, but must – in from a quadralectic point of view – be seen as the best-possible valuation of the communication process.
Exceptio is the fourth stage in the handling of a relic, indicating the delivery of the relic at its designated place of worshiping. It points, in a wider (quadralectic) sense, to the practical and subjective use of certain (accepted) limitations, which takes place in the Fourth Quadrant of a communication.
Feelings are used in an observation form of the Fourth Quadrant, whereby an observer can recognize certain outlines in the visible invisibility and experience them as psychological notions.
First Major Approach (FMA) is characterized by the lowest CF-value on the CF-graph (CF = 6) at the end of the third subdivision in the Second Quadrant (II, 3). The FMA has the greatest intensio, which means that the maximum visible result of the communication will be gained at this particular point. All the potential possibilities of the communication become apparent at this point.
First Quadrant (I) indicates the first division area in a quadralectic universe, which is characterized by a total absence of an empirical notion (invisible invisibility).
First Standard Sequence (FSS) is a series of CF-values, which gives the distance between partners in a four division, calculated over the communication trajectory (limited by the Smallest Part). The interchange is valued by the CC-sequence (0 6 8 6) and is independent of the direction in which the divisional parts move along each other.
First Visibility (FV) is defined a distinction in time and place when a (measurable) recognition takes place between the communication partners. The event takes place at the beginning of the second subdivision of the Second Quadrant (II, 2), when the critical value of CF = 11 is reached. The FV is located at 5/16th part of the full communication cycle V.
First Visibility Crisis (FVC) is situated at the end of the first subdivision in the Third Quadrant (III, 1) where the CF-value (CF = 13) reaches for the first times its greatest remissio. This process causes tension within the communication and results in a psychological confusion or ‘identity crisis’ between the partners.
Fourth Quadrant (IV) is the fourth division area in a quadralectic universe, which is characterized by an excess of material presence leading to new forms of invisibility (visible invisibility).
Inductive method of reasoning implies the comparison of a chosen unity with data in a multitude and reach for a new conclusion. The method is positioned in the Second Quadrant.
Inflection point is a marker on the CF-graph indicating a Basic Unit (BU). It is not necessary, like in differential calculus, that the curve (graph) changes sign. There are eight ‘real’ inflection points in the CF-graph if the rule of change is applied: three in the First and Third Quadrant and one in the Second and Fourth Quadrant.
Intensio is the expression for an approaching movement between the part-ners in a communication. The internal shift between the four-divisions produces lower values.
Intellectual relevanceis the insight and comprehension of the invisible invisibility of the First Quadrant.
Interpretation model is the cognitive framework to understand the invisible visibility of the Second Quadrant. It is put together in the Second Quadrant.
Intuition is an observation form of the First Quadrant, whereby an observer is unable to see any distinction, due to an absence of boundaries, but is still able to use this nothingness.
Inventio is the first stage in the handling of a relic, pointing to the discovery of the body or remains. In the rhetoric literature, it is the expression for the initial stage of a conversation when a speaker determines the possible reactions of the spoken words in a continuous interaction with the audience.
Invisibility area (O) of a communication cycle is, for one part (O¹), situated in the First Quadrant (I) and the first quarter of the Second Quadrant (II, 1) of the communication cycle and, for another part (O²), in the last quarter of the Fourth Quadrant (IV, 4).
Language (1) uses the meaningful elements of signal, symbol and sign to transfer them in a comprehensive way to other observers. The language is, in a quadralectic view, the face of the Fourth Quadrant (IV).
Language (2) is the development of an intellectual interaction based on a form of division thinking.
Large Visible Animals (LVA) are animals that can be observed by a human being without the help of artificial equipment to enhance visibility.
Last Visibility (LV) is the antagonist of the First Visibility (FV) and situated at the very end of the visibility area X, where the CF-value 11 is reached for the last time. It signifies the final notion of (measurable) recognition between the communication partners. The LV is located at 15/16th part of the full communication cycle V.
Magic is a form of cerebral experience, using the reflective constructions of the Second Quadrant as a measure of understanding.
Material is the manifestation of the visible visibility in the Third Quadrant, governed by the laws of oppositional thinking.
Metaphysical model is the cognitive framework, put together in the Second Quadrant, to understand the visible invisibility of the Fourth Quadrant.
Metaphysics (1) is the indication for the opposite of physics.
Metaphysics (2) is the inquiry into the ultimate and fundamental reality.
Model is a cognitive construction, based on ideas and built in the Second Quadrant, in order to provide the observer with a framework to understand the reality.
Muun (1) is a symbolic unity in multiplicity.
Muun (2) is the unison to express the multitude of interpretation, which is possible in the Second Quadrant, after a structural cadre for the visibility has been formed.
Muun-length (V) indicates a full cycle on the universal communication trajectory (CT) and is determined by the Smallest Part (SP) which partakes in the communication.
Myth is a form of communication, which find its inspiration in the invisible invisibility of the First Quadrant. It is based on psychic manifestation in a timeless time and directed towards the soul.
Notion is the conception and subsequent image of certain limitations within a communication.
Observer is the creative entity, who can distinguish the position of a communication partner by a definition of the division environment and a communication trajectory.
Observation is the act of gathering information from reality.
Observational Present (OP) is the position of a human observer on the communication graph V at the very moment when the basic choices in the interaction take place.
Ontology (1) is a study of the ultimate nature of things.
Ontology (2) is a study of the way in which the Third Quadrant fits into the communication cycle.
Paradigm (1) is a set of accepted scientific beliefs.
Paradigm (2) is a theory or dogma that establishes boundaries and regulations.
Part is a compartment of the universe, bounded by the markers of an arbitrary division and subject to the laws of the universe.
Pivotal Point (PP) is situated in the middle of the visible visibility area X and also in the middle of the Third Quadrant (III). The oppositional character is consciously felt since the CF-value is 10, i.e. under the visibility boundary of 11.
Point of recognition (POR) is a reference point in an exchange of information. Its location is established by an observer in a process of comparison between the visibility in a particular situation and a similar representation on the universal communication graph. Its definition determines the communication-as-a-whole.
Quadralectics is a communication based on the division factor four (4), which originates in the conscious four division of space and reality.
Quadrant is an independent part of the primary communication cycle.
Quaternary means four-valued. A quaternary relation indicates how four kinds of elements are linked.
Reality (1) is an observation form of the Third Quadrant, whereby an observer can identify a certain distinction in the visible visibility.
Reality (2) is a form of understanding, using the empirical notions of the Third Quadrant as a measure of understanding.
Receding point (RP) marks the start of a period of equilibrium (CF = 11) at the beginning of the third subdivision of the Fourth Quadrant. The RP is fixed at 7/8th part of the quadralectic communication cycle V and at 9/10th of the visibility area X.
Remissio indicates a receding movement (divergence) between the partners in a communication, which is characterised by higher (CF) values.
Relic is the remains of or a trace related to a holy person, which is used as a remembrance and object of worship. The four (mediaeval) stages in the process of conservation are seen as bearing the characteristics of the quadrants: inventio, elevatio, translatio, and exceptio.
Ritual is a form of interaction based on the visibilities of the Third Quadrant.
Second Quadrant (II) is the second division area in a quadralectic universe, which is characterized by the notion of a conceptual presence (invisible visibility).
Second Major Approach (SMA) is identifiable by the lowest CF-value on the CF-graph (CF = 6) and is situated the end of the first subdivision in the Fourth Quadrant (IV, 1). The Second Major Aprroach has – just like its predecessor the FMA – the greatest intensio, resulting in a maximum visibility of the essential elements of the communication. All potential possibilities (of the FMA) are now materialized and can be appraised.
Second Visibility Crisis (SVC) is found at the end of the third subdivision in the Third Quadrant (III, 3) where the CF-value (CF = 13) reaches for the second times its greatest remissio (or alienation). Again, the tension mounts as a result of the alienation, but now with regards to the material side (in terms of gains and loss).
Sign denotes the limitation of an object and has the capacity to establish a connection with an observer. It represents, in a quadralectic view, the face of the Third Quadrant (III).
Signal comprises the primary feature of a communication. It can, in a singular form, only exist on a theoretical level as a message from an invisible world. The practical application of signals takes place in an array (like radar, sonar, seismic and communication signals, etc.). The signal is, in a quadralectic view, the face of the First Quadrant (I).
Smallest Part (SP) is a theoretical and non-defined name for the smallest partner in a communication.
Spiritual is the collection of thoughts and feelings, which make up the invi-sible property of man. The term is often seen as in a duality with the physical.
Subjective intervention is the making of a fundamental choice between the possibilities, which are embedded in the dualistic part in the Third Quadrant. The human decision occurs – in an evolutionary development – in the dynamic fourth compartment of the fourth subdivision of the Second Quadrant (II, 4, 4), but it is – by its very nature – a Fourth Quadrant action.
Symbol is a sign that informs by convention. It has a transitory quality in which the specific intention is different from its apparent meaning. The quadralectic interpretation of the symbol is given as the face of the Second Quadrant (II).
Third Quadrant (III) is the third division area in a quadralectic universe, which is characterized by a material presence (visible visibility).
Thought is an observation form of the Second Quadrant whereby an observer can recognize a certain distinction in the invisible visibility and view them as realities.
Transcendental is a description of properties, which are beyond the realm and reach of the senses.
Translatio is the third first stage in the handling of a relic, indicating the removal of the body or the remains. It points in a quadralectic setting to a shift in the visible visibility of the Third Quadrant.
Unity is a First Quadrant unit, which indicates the invisible limits of the universe.
Universal Communication Sequence (UCS) is a sequence of CF-values that is formed by a complete quadralectic shift movement and indicates the universal approach in any given communication.
Visibility is the implementation of a value-system based on displacement.
Visible visibility area (X) is the area on the CF-graph between the first point on the graph where the CF-value is 11 (in the Second Quadrant) and the last point on the graph where this value is reached (in the Fourth Quadrant).
Visible Visibility is the physical reality within a communication and is characterized by CF-values, which are lower than 11.
Vision is a form of viewing, using the achievements and insights of the Fourth Quadrant as a measure of understanding.
Visions of Four Notions 